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  A Survey of motivational factors for nurses in five selected hospitals in West Java

  (Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies, 1995-05) Hutapea, Eslyna S.

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  West Java is facing a shortage of professional nurses, while at same time clients are demanding a high quality of care in hospitals. This study was conducted to find out ways to retain competent, qualified, professional nurses in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that nurses perceive a hospital should provide to motivate nurses to remain in present employment. This information should be useful in designing a retention program for nurses. A tool structured for this study contained a demographic section and a 50-item sca1e. The scale items were organized into seven subscales based on Maslow's and Herzberg's motivation theories. Face validity and test-retest reliability were established on the tool. Subjects rated each scale item on a 5-point Likert type scale for both importance and satisfaction. A l00 randomly selected professional nurses were drawn from five private general hospitals located in West Java. Thirteen null hypotheses were posed for testing various elements on the model. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, t-test and chi-square to determine personal, employment, and hospital variables affecting importance and satisfaction ratings on total score scale and subscales. Major conclusions were that nurses in larger hospitals are more satisfied than those in smaller hospitals. Work overload detracts from nurse satisfaction. Nurses are more satisfied where adequate professional staffing exists. Those nurses who plan to leave the hospital due to employment-related reasons are less satisfied than those intending to leave for personal reasons. Avoidance of favoritism, good communication and relationships, and opportunities for promotion and growth were important for nurses, satisfaction. The hygiene factors were more important to this group than the motivator factor. These nurses rated salary and benefit as the most importance item, but the lowest in satisfaction. Therefore, recommendations for further study were (a) that the study be repeated with a larger sample of hospitals including variables such as religion, core values of nurses, and type of nursing care delivery system; (b) that the study be repeated in a different culture and in hospitals with different characteristics; such as government-private, small-large, and associated with or not associated with a school of nursing. Some recommendations for nursing administrators include regular assessment of nurse reward systems such as salary, benefits, nursing allowances, and social recognition. The administrator should act as an advocate, provide recognition, avoid favoritism, keep open communication, and build relationships. Also rated as important by nurses is providing opportunities for growth and advancement, as might be achieved in a clinical ladder. The nurse administrator should also be alert to workload levels of nurses, for the overloaded nurse is likely to be dissatisfied. At the same time, nurses appear to need new learning opportunities to be happy in their work.

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  Health evangelism as a strategy for small groups in Korean Seventh-day Adventist churches

  (Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies, 1995-05) Han, Kwang Kee

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  The stated problem of this study is that small groups have been losing their evangelical functions, and health evangelism no longer engages the participation of lay people in Korean Seventh-day Adventist churches. Based on the study of the various aspects of small groups and health evangelism--including positive Korean cultural and religious influences and the current climate of Korean Seventh-day Adventist churches--this research provides "Small Groups Health Outreach" as a solution to the problem. Small Groups Health Outreach is an evangelical strategy that divides a local church into small groups and adopts health evangelism into the outreach activities of the groups. A "Small Health Group" is an intentional, regular, outreach-oriented gathering of eight to fifteen people with the purpose of planning and carrying out of activities that will fill the physical, mental, and spiritual needs of the community by combining health-related activities with the work of delivering the gospel. Small Groups Health Outreach chooses and develops its activities depending on the circumstances of the individual church and the community. Groups may vary their structures based upon cooperation with other local Seventh-day Adventist churches, cooperation with agencies in the community, or adaptation as one of the departments of a church. Small Health Groups may be implemented using the following steps: surveys and analysis of the church and the community, choosing activities and leaders and the members, organization of groups, functioning, evaluation, and termination. The activities of small groups using this strategy will attract the support and involvement of laymen. The various aspects of health evangelism should provide practical and effective outreach methods for the implementing churches. Proper implementation of this strategy may provide fellowship among group members, bring lay involvment in evangelism and outreach, build good community relations, and produce numerical and spiritual growth to Korean loca Seventh-day Adventist churches.

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