A Pastoral approach in comforting the bereaved from the Toba Batak perspective : a case study

Abstract

The expression "eternal gospel" (Rev 14:6), a New Testament hapax legomenon, has been interpreted variously by the scholars. Some interpret it as parallel to the "gospel of Christ"; others understand it as a unique and different gospel. The purpose of this study is to provide, through a comprehensive exegetical analysis, what John meant by his use of the expression "eternal gospel." Such an approach provides a firm basis for defining the meaning of the expression intended by John. Chapter 2 explores the meaning of the Greek word eiayyblt ov , "gospel" ; and ai 6vr o6 , "eternal" in extra-Biblical and Biblical literature. The word ericryySl.tov, which primarily means "good news," appears significant in the context of a conflict as "a good news of victory." The word al dlvr oq , "eternal," is used to point both to the ancient past or to a remote future and bears the temporal sense of continuity and permanence. The exegesis of Rev 14:.6-13 indicates that the context of this passage is the final conflict between evil powers and God's people. Christ has assured the victory of His people through his sacrificial death. The remnant is called to endure sufferings while proclaiming for the last time the "eternal gospel," and Christ will come soon to complete His victorious act to save His people. Three symbolic angels announce the "eternal gospel" through proclamations centered around the message of judgment and victory. The first angel announces the coming of the hour of judgment and delivers three commands for repentance and salvation. The second angel assures victory and deliverance. The third angel warns the world about the danger and awful consequences of rejecting Christ's redemptive work. These messages are completed with a challenge for endurance and faithfulness and a promise of reward for well doing. The research closes with a conclusion that the "eternal gospel" is the ancient good news of salvation, victory, and deliverance of God's people from the evil powers through Christ. First announced in Eden (Gen 3:15), it has been and still is continually valid throughout time in the history of the world, and soon it will reach its final completion at the end of time when Christ will come to reward and to judge the world.